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Access

Vector objects can be created on demand or can be obtained from other entities.

Access 向量 objects stored in a BaseContainer :

• BaseContainer::GetVector() ：返回 向量 stored at the given ID.
• BaseContainer::SetVector() : Sets the 向量 stored at the given ID.

另请参阅 BaseContainer Manual .

Access 向量 objects stored in a GeData object ( GeData type is DA_VECTOR ):

• GeData::GetVector() ：返回 向量 对象。
• GeData::SetVector() : Stores the 向量 对象。

另请参阅 GeData Manual .

Vectors are also the building blocks of 矩阵 objects. Especially the off component of a Matrix is often accessed:

• Matrix::off : The translation/offset vector.

另请参阅 Matrix Manual (Classic) .

Vectors are used to represent the position of points of a PointObject like a SplineObject or PolygonObject :

• PointObject::GetPointR() : Returns the start of the read-only points array.
• PointObject::GetPointW() : Returns the start of the writeable points array.

In a GeDialog the float values of three gadgets can be read as a 向量 :

• GeDialog::GetVector() : Retrieves the value of three float fields at the same time as a vector.

// read "Size" parameter if (cube-> GetParameter ( DescID { PRIM_CUBE_LEN }, data, DESCFLAGS_GET::NONE )) { const 向量 size = data. GetVector (); ApplicationOutput ( "Cube Size: @" _s, size); }

组件

A 向量 is made up of three components, which can be accessed directly:

• Vector::x : The x component.
• Vector::y : The y component.
• Vector::z : The z component.

Alternatively the subscript operator can be used:

• Vector::operator[]() : Sets a vector component.

// read "Color" parameter if (mat-> GetParameter ( DescID { MATERIAL_COLOR_COLOR }, data, DESCFLAGS_GET::NONE )) { const 向量 color = data. GetVector ();

// convert to 0 - 255 integer const Int32 colorR = SAFEINT32 (color. x * COLORTOINT_MULTIPLIER ); const Int32 colorG = SAFEINT32 (color. y * COLORTOINT_MULTIPLIER ); const Int32 colorB = SAFEINT32 (color. z * COLORTOINT_MULTIPLIER ); ApplicationOutput ( "Color: @ : @ : @" _s, colorR, colorG, colorB); }

Vector Maths

Vector Properties

Several functions are available to calculate properties of a 向量 object:

• Vector::GetAverage() : Calculates the average value of the three components. May be used for a cheap grayscale result.
• Vector::GetSum() : Calculates the sum of the three components.
• Vector::GetMin() : Calculates the minimum value of the three components.
• Vector::GetMax() : Calculates the maximum value of the three components.
• Vector::GetLength() : Calculates the length of the vector.
• Vector::GetSquaredLength() : Calculates the squared length of the vector.

Vector Operators

Basic mathematical operations to handle vectors and vectors with scalars are implemented as operators:

• Vector::operator+=() : Adds a vector to a vector or a scalar to each component.
• Vector::operator-=() : Subtracts a vector from a vector or a scalar from each component.
• Vector::operator*=() : Multiplies each component with the given scalar or the components of the given vector.
• Vector::operator/=() : Divides each component with the given scalar.
• Vector::operator*() : Multiplies each component with the given scalar or the components of the given vector.
• Vector::operator/() : Divides each component with the given scalar.
• Vector::operator+() : Adds a vector to a vector or a scalar to each component.
• Vector::operator-() : Subtracts a vector from a vector or a scalar from each component.

Vector Normalization

• Vector::Clamp01() : Returns the vector clamped to the range [0.0 .. 1.0].
• Vector::GetNormalized() : Calculates the normalized vector.
• Vector::operator!() : Calculates the normalized vector.
• Vector::Normalize() : Normalizes the vector.

Vector Operations

Basic vector based mathematical operations are available as global functions:

• Vector::GetAngle() : Calculates the angle (in radians) between the given vectors.
• Vector::Dot() : Calculates the dot product of the given vectors.
• Vector::Cross() : Calculates the cross product the given vectors.

注意

To calculate the normal of a polygon use CalcFaceNormal() .

Zero

These functions an be used to check if the components of a vector are zero:

• Vector::IsZero() : Returns true if all components of the vector are zero.
• Vector::SetZero() : Sets all components of the vector to zero.

比较

Two vectors can be compared using a dedicated function or the usual operators:

• Vector::IsEqual() : Compares the given vectors component-wise using the given epsilon.
• Vector::operator==() : Returns true if the given vectors are equal or if the components equal the given scalar.
• Vector::operator!=() : Returns true if the given vectors are not equal or if the components are not equal to the given scalar.

注意

For safe comparison of floating point values see 比较 .

Disc I/O

Vector objects can be stored in a BaseFile 或 HyperFile using:

• BaseFile::ReadVector32() : Reads a Vector32 from the BaseFile .
• BaseFile::WriteVector32() : Writes a Vector32 to the BaseFile .
• BaseFile::ReadVector64() : Reads a Vector64 from the BaseFile .
• BaseFile::WriteVector64() : Writes a Vector64 to the BaseFile .

// open BaseFile to write if (bf-> Open (filename, FILEOPEN::WRITE , FILEDIALOG::ANY )) { bf-> WriteVector64 (vector); bf-> 关闭 (); }

// This example reads a Vector from the given BaseFile. AutoAlloc<BaseFile> bf; if (bf == nullptr ) return maxon::OutOfMemoryError( MAXON_SOURCE_LOCATION );

// open BaseFile to read if (bf-> Open (filename, FILEOPEN::READ , FILEDIALOG::ANY )) { 向量 vector; bf-> ReadVector64 (&vector);

• HyperFile::ReadVector() : Reads a 向量 从 HyperFile .
• HyperFile::WriteVector() : Writes a 向量 到 HyperFile .
• HyperFile::ReadVector32() : Reads a Vector32 from the HyperFile .
• HyperFile::WriteVector32() : Writes a Vector32 to the HyperFile .
• HyperFile::ReadVector64() : Reads a Vector64 from the HyperFile .
• HyperFile::WriteVector64() : Writes a Vector64 to the HyperFile .

// open HyperFile to write if (hf-> Open ( 'vect' , filename, FILEOPEN::WRITE , FILEDIALOG::ANY )) { hf-> WriteVector (vector); hf-> 关闭 (); }

// This example reads a Vector from the given HyperFile. AutoAlloc<HyperFile> hf; if (hf == nullptr ) return maxon::OutOfMemoryError( MAXON_SOURCE_LOCATION );

// open HyperFile to read if (hf-> Open ( 'vect' , filename, FILEOPEN::READ , FILEDIALOG::ANY )) { 向量 vector; hf-> ReadVector (&vector);

另请参阅 BaseFile Manual on 向量 and HyperFile Manual on 向量 .

Utility Functions

Further utility functions are available:

• ReflectRay() : Returns the ray vector after a reflection on a surface normal.
• String::VectorToString() : Converts the given vector to a string.
• GetOptimalAngle() : Returns the optimal angle so that the "distance" of the given new rotation to the old rotation is at minimum.
• VectorToHPB() : Calculates Euler angles from a direction vector.

Color Functions

The 向量 class is also used to represent colors in different color spaces:

• RGBToHSV() : Converts a RGB color value into the HSV color space.
• HSVToRGB() : Converts a HSV color value into the RGB color space.
• RGBToHSL() : Converts a RGB color value into the HSL color space.
• HSLtoRGB() : Converts a HSL color value into the RGB color space.

另请参阅 Color Functions Manual .

延伸阅读

• GeData Manual
• BaseContainer Manual
• Primitive Data Types Manual (Classic)
• Matrix Manual (Classic)